Meaning
A fertiliser or fertiliser is any natural or synthetic material that is applied to soil or plant tissues to provide plant nutrients. Fertilizers are not always nutrient soil compounds.
Definition
Fertilizers are organic or inorganic chemicals that contain chemical elements that aid in the development of plants and the improvement of soil fertility. The most significant plant nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
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Soil Fertilizer Requirements
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and, at times, sulphur and boron may need to be added for excellent crop production on acid sandy soils.
Application of
This article discusses the top four fertiliser application methods. The methods are as follows:
1. Telecasting
2. Adding the Finishing Touches
3. Placement
4. Fertilization with liquids
Method #1 for Fertilizer Application
Broadcasting:
Broadcasting is a method of equally distributing fertiliser throughout an entire field. It can be applied during planting or as a top treatment to a standing crop.
When the following requirements are met, this technique is used:
(a) Soils are depleted in nutrients, particularly nitrogen.
(b) When employing acid soil fertilisers such as basic slag, declaim phosphate, bone meal, and rock phosphate, among others.
(c) When potassium fertilisers should be applied on potassium-deficient soils.
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Method #2 Fertilizer Application
Dressing for the top:
Topdressing refers to the application of fertiliser to standing crops, notably nitrate nitrogenous fertilisers.
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Fertilizer Application: Method #3 Positioning:
The process of inserting, drilling, or placing fertiliser below the soil surface with any instrument or equipment at the right depth to supply plant nutrients to the crop is referred to as placement. It is carried out before planting or in the standing crop.
The following approaches are the most frequent in this category:
(a) Plough-sole Alignment:
The fertiliser is administered in a continuous band on the bottom of the furrow during the pouching technique. As the next furrow is turned, each band is covered. Most of the time, no attempt is made to sow the crop in a precise place near the plough sole bands.
i. This approach has been recommended in regions where the soil becomes quite dry up to a few inches below the soil surface throughout the growing season, particularly in soils with a thick clay pan a little below the plough-sole. Fertilizer is put in moist soil in this manner to make it more accessible to growing plants during dry seasons.
(b) In-depth Positioning:
i. This method of applying nitrogenous and phosphate fertilisers to rice fields is widely utilised in Japan, and it is also recommended in India.
ii. To prevent nitrogen loss in lowland rice, an ammonia nitrogenous fertiliser such as ammonium sulphate or ammonium forming nitrogenous fertiliser such as urea is applied to the reduced zone. It is available to the crop during the active vegetative cycle.
iii. Fertilizer put deep or subsurface allows for greater root zone distribution and avoids loss due to surface dram-off.
Deep placement can be accomplished in a variety of methods, depending on local gardening techniques.
Before flooding the land and preparing it for transplantation, fertiliser is applied under the plough furrow in dry soil in irrigated areas where water supply is ensured. In places where there isn't a lot of water in the field, it's distributed before pudding. Paddling forces the fertiliser down into the root zone.
(c) Positioning of the Subsoil:
i. The use of big power machinery to apply fertiliser to the subsoil.
ii. This method is recommended in humid and sub-humid areas where many subsoils are acidic. Because of the acidic conditions, the amount of available plant nutrients is drastically reduced. Under these conditions, phosphatic and potassic fertilisers are applied to the subsoil to encourage root development.
(d) Geographical Positioning:
i. This procedure is defined as the application of nutrients to the soil around the seed or plant.
ii. When only a little amount of fertiliser needs to be applied, localised placement is commonly used. Localized implantation reduces phosphorus and potassium fixation.
f) Bulk blending
i. It is the process of blending two or more different fertilisers with distinct physical and chemical compositions without adverse effects.
ii. Additional components called "Fillers" and"Conditioners" are included in this formulation to improve the physical state of the mixed fertiliser. This fertiliser mixture should be applied as a top dressing.
(f) Contact Information or Drilling Location:
i. It refers to the simultaneous application of seed and fertiliser.
ii. Fertilizer seed drills are commonly employed for drill placement in dryland agriculture.
(g) Positioning of the Band:
i. The fertiliser is applied in continuous or discontinuous bands to one or both sides of the seed or plant.
Sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, castor, maize, and vegetables are among the crops that benefit from this method.
h) Pellet Alignment
i. Fertilizer, particularly nitrogen in pellet form, is administered to lowland rice to prevent nitrogen loss.
ii. Soil and fertiliser are mixed in a 1:10 or 15 ratio and disseminated as little pellets in the reduced zone.
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Method #4: Liquid Fertilization:
Liquid fertilisers are becoming increasingly used as a method of fertilisation in other countries.
(a) Begin with a straightforward solution:
Fertilizer solutions are typically prepared in low concentrations.
i. It is composed of N2, P2 O5, and K2O in the following proportions: 1:2:1 and 1:1:2 and is used for seed soaking, root dipping, and seedling spraying for early establishment and growth.
ii. The nutrients are taken immediately by the plant roots.
iii. The solution has been appropriately diluted to avoid growth inhibition.
iv. Pulses and vegetable crops have proven to be particularly well-suited to this method.
(c) Foliar Spray:
Nutrients are sprayed over standing crops in this approach to assist them to recover fast from the deficiency. It hinders soil nutrient fixation.
A. While foliar fertilisation may not save much fertiliser, it may be desirable in the following circumstances:
i. When there are evident indicators of nutritional inadequacy in the early stages of the disease.
ii. When the physical and chemical conditions of the soil are unfavourable, fertiliser use efficiency is diminished (FUE).
iii. During dry spells, soil application is impractical due to a lack of moisture in the soil.
d) Soil Applicability:
Liquid fertilisers must be applied to the soil directly, which involves the employment of specialist injecting equipment. Nitrogensolutions and anhydrous ammonia (a liquid at 14 kg per square centimetre or higher pressure) are sprayed directly into the soil.
i. There is generally little plant injury or ammonia waste if the material is placed roughly 10 cm below the seed. If the application is too shallow, nitrogen from ammonia will be lost. This method allows for the direct utilisation of the cheapest nitrogen supply.
ii. Urine, sewage water, and shed washing are all dumped into the field.
(d) Fertigation:
The use of fertiliser in conjunction with irrigation water in an open or closed system is known as fertilisation. The open system consists of lined and unlined open ditches, as well as gated pipelines for furrow and flood irrigation. Sprinkler and drip irrigation is the most prevalent closed systems.
i. Fertigation's primary nutrients are nitrogen and sculpture.
ii. This lowers application costs and enables the use of less expensive water-soluble fertilisers.
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Types of Soil Fertilizer
1. Nitrogen-containing fertilisers. Nitrate-based fertilisers are the most extensively used direct fertilisers in Europe.
2. Nitrogen fertilisers were inhibited.
3. Fertilizers containing phosphorus.
4. Fertilizers containing potassium.
5. Fertilizers containing calcium, magnesium, and sulphur Fertilizers.
6. Fertilizers rich in micronutrients
7. Restrictors
What is the most effective Soil Fertilizer?
The Best Soil Fertilizer is Inderdhanush Gypsum.
Fertilizer for grass, plants, veggies, indoor plants, tomatoes, herbs, weed plants, succulents, and gardens.
Effects of Soil Fertilizer
Regular use of chemical fertilisers can alter soil ph, increase pests, acidity, and soil crust, resulting in decreased organic matter, humus, and beneficial organisms, stunted plant development, and even greenhouse gas emissions.
Soil Fertilizer Administration
Integrated soil fertility management seeks to improve crop yield by increasing the efficiency with which agronomic nutrients are used. Combining grain legumes, which improve soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation, with chemical fertilisers can accomplish this.
Soil Fertilizer Method
The following are some of the several fertiliser application methods:
a) Radio and television.
b) Placement.
a) Simple-to-implement solutions
b) The application of foliar therapy.
c) Litigation (application by irrigation water)Soilinjection
e) Airborne application.
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One of the best biofertilizers/soil rechargers for crops and plants is Inderdhanush Gypsum (Biofertilizer/Soil Fertilizer). In organic farming, it supplies necessary nourishment to plants while also increasing soil fertility.
Inderdhanush Gypsum, commonly known as calcium sulphate, is a type of gypsum (CaSO4, 2H2O). It is high in calcium and sulphur, the two most important nutrients.
Fertilizer Application (Inderdhanush Gypsum (Biofertilizer/Soil Fertilizer): Granular gypsum is used in all crops at rates ranging from 150 kg to 300 kg per acre.
Inderdhanush Gypsum Powder (Biofertilizer/Soil Fertilizer): Use 300 to 500 kg of fertiliser per acre.
(Inderdhanush Gypsum (Biofertilizer/Soil Fertilizer): 50kg)
Benefits:
1) Gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) lowers the bulk density. Fertilizer for the Soil
2) Gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) keeps the soil pH stable.
3) Gypsum (a biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) reduces ground salinity.
4) Gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) softens the soil, making it fruitful.
5) The hue of the ground is eliminated by adding gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser).
6) Applying gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) softens hard ground as well.
7) Gypsum (biofertilizer/soil fertiliser) is applied to all crops.
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